The name Ander has its origins in the Basque language, which is spoken primarily in the Basque Country, a region spanning parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. The name is believed to have derived from the Basque word "andera," meaning "lady" or "woman of stature."

In Basque culture, the name Ander was traditionally given to boys as a way to honor and respect women, reflecting the importance placed on mothers and female figures in the community. The name's usage can be traced back to at least the 16th century, with records showing its presence in various Basque regions during that time.

One of the earliest known historical references to the name Ander can be found in the 16th-century Basque literary work "Linguae Vasconum Primitiae" by Bernard Etxepare, considered the first printed book in the Basque language. The work contains a poem addressed to a woman named Ander, highlighting the name's connection to the Basque culture and language.

Throughout history, several notable figures have borne the name Ander. One of the most famous was Ander Deuna (Saint Ander), a Basque saint from the 6th century who is celebrated for his role in spreading Christianity in the region. Another prominent figure was Ander Gartzia Artzadun (1068-1090), a Basque nobleman and lord of Biscay during the 11th century.

In the field of literature, Ander Arratibel Olanguren (1939-2005) was a renowned Basque writer and poet known for his works that explored Basque identity and culture. The name Ander has also been carried by influential figures in sports, such as Ander Herrera (born 1989), a Spanish professional footballer who has played for clubs like Manchester United and Paris Saint-Germain.

Additionally, Ander Mirambell (1944-2019) was a prominent Basque artist and sculptor whose works have been exhibited internationally, reflecting the cultural significance of the name in the arts.

While the name Ander has its roots in the Basque region, it has gained popularity and recognition beyond its place of origin, with people from various backgrounds adopting it as a unique and culturally significant name.