The name Atley is believed to have originated from the Old English language, which was spoken in parts of Britain from the 5th to the 11th century. It is thought to be derived from the Old English words "æt" meaning "at" and "leah" meaning "a meadow or clearing." Thus, the name Atley likely referred to someone who lived near a clearing or meadow.

One of the earliest recorded mentions of the name Atley can be found in the Domesday Book, a manuscript record of a great survey of landholders in England, commissioned by William the Conqueror in 1086. This suggests that the name was in use among the Anglo-Saxon population of England prior to the Norman Conquest.

In the 12th century, an English nobleman named Atley de Wyndham was mentioned in historical records. He was a wealthy landowner and served as a knight under King Henry II. Another notable figure with the name Atley was Atley Bredwell, a 14th-century English monk and scholar who authored several works on theology and philosophy.

During the Renaissance period, Atley Smythe was a prominent merchant and diplomat from England who traveled extensively throughout Europe. He is known for his detailed accounts of his travels and his efforts to promote trade between England and other European nations.

In the 19th century, Atley Bevan was a Welsh industrialist and philanthropist who made significant contributions to the development of the coal mining industry in South Wales. He was also known for his support of educational initiatives and his efforts to improve the living conditions of miners and their families.

Another notable figure with the name Atley was Atley Townsend, an American soldier who served in the Civil War. He fought for the Union Army and was awarded the Medal of Honor for his bravery and valor on the battlefield.

While the name Atley may have originated from Old English roots, it has been used across various cultures and regions throughout history, with individuals bearing this name leaving their mark in various fields, from literature and philosophy to industry and military service.