The name Bianka is derived from the Italian and Spanish languages, with its origins tracing back to the late Middle Ages. It is a feminine form of the Italian name Bianco, which means "white" or "fair." The name Bianco itself is believed to have evolved from the Late Latin word "blancus," which in turn originated from the Germanic root "blank," meaning "to shine" or "to glitter."

In the 14th century, the name Bianca gained popularity in Italy, particularly among the noble and aristocratic families. One of the earliest recorded uses of the name Bianca can be found in Dante Alighieri's famous work, "The Divine Comedy," where he mentions a character named Bianca as one of the souls in Purgatory.

Throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance periods, the name Bianca was associated with beauty, purity, and nobility. Several notable historical figures bore this name, including Bianca Maria Visconti (1425-1468), the Duchess of Milan, and Bianca Cappello (1548-1587), the Grand Duchess of Tuscany.

As the name spread across Europe, it underwent various spelling variations, including Bianka, Bjanka, and Byanka. One of the earliest recorded uses of the spelling "Bianka" can be found in the 16th century, when it was used by the Polish nobility.

In the 18th century, the name Bianka gained popularity in Russia, where it was embraced by the aristocracy. One of the most famous historical figures with this name was Bianka Militsyna (1789-1848), a Russian noblewoman and philanthropist.

Other notable individuals with the name Bianka throughout history include Bianka Shigekawa (1925-2008), a Japanese-American civil rights activist, and Bianka Pree (born 1990), a German track and field athlete who competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Despite its European origins, the name Bianka has gained global recognition and is now used across various cultures and societies. Its enduring popularity can be attributed to its simplicity, elegance, and association with positive qualities such as purity and beauty.