The name Broden has its roots in the Old English language, emerging during the Anglo-Saxon period in Britain, which lasted from the 5th to the 11th century. It is derived from the Old English words "brod" and "en," meaning "broad" and "valley" or "meadow," respectively. The name likely originated as a descriptive term for someone who lived or worked in a broad valley or meadow.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Broden can be found in the Domesday Book, a comprehensive survey of landowners and their holdings in England commissioned by William the Conqueror in 1086. The entry "Brod-en" is listed as a landholder in the county of Wiltshire.

In the 12th century, a monk named Broden is mentioned in the chronicles of the Benedictine monastery at Malmesbury Abbey in Wiltshire. He is noted for his contributions to the abbey's library and his skill as a scribe.

During the Middle Ages, the name Broden was particularly prevalent in the southern counties of England, such as Wiltshire, Somerset, and Dorset. This is likely due to the abundance of broad valleys and meadows in these regions, which would have made the name a fitting descriptive term.

One notable figure bearing the name Broden was Sir Broden de Vaux, a knight who fought alongside King Edward I during the Scottish Wars of Independence in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. He is recorded as participating in the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 and the siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300.

Another historical figure with the name Broden was Broden Clerke, a prominent merchant and alderman in the city of London in the 15th century. He served as the Lord Mayor of London in 1448 and was known for his philanthropy, donating funds for the construction of a new grammar school in the city.

In the 16th century, a clergyman named Broden Whitelocke held the position of Dean of Arches, a senior judge in the ecclesiastical courts of the Church of England. He is noted for his efforts in resolving disputes over church property and maintaining the authority of the ecclesiastical courts.

While the name Broden has its roots in Old English, it has remained in use throughout the centuries, albeit with varying degrees of popularity. Its connection to the landscape and the natural world has contributed to its enduring appeal as a given name.