Carleton is an English name derived from the Old English words "cær" meaning rock or stony place, and "tun" meaning town or settlement. It originated as a place name referring to a town located near rocky terrain or a stony area. The name has its roots in the medieval period and was initially used as a surname for people hailing from such settlements.

The earliest recorded use of Carleton as a given name dates back to the late 16th century. One of the first notable individuals with this name was Sir Dudley Carleton (1573-1632), an English diplomat and politician who served as Secretary of State under King Charles I.

Another historical figure was Guy Carleton (1724-1808), a British army officer who served as the Governor of the Province of Quebec during the American Revolutionary War. He played a crucial role in defending Canada against the American invasion efforts.

In the literary realm, Carleton Fairchild (1879-1933) was an American author and playwright known for his satirical works, including the novel "The Genius" and the play "The Valiant."

Moving into the modern era, Carleton Coon (1904-1981) was an American anthropologist and professor at Harvard University, renowned for his work on the origins and classification of human races.

Carleton Putnam (1901-1998) was an American industrialist, philanthropist, and author who expressed controversial views on race and immigration in his book "Race and Reason."

These are just a few examples of notable individuals throughout history who have borne the name Carleton, showcasing its enduring presence across various fields and eras.