The name Cesar originated from the Roman family name Caesar, which was derived from the Latin word "caesaries" meaning "hair" or "head of hair." It is believed that the name was originally given to someone with a fine head of hair. The name first became popular during the time of Gaius Julius Caesar, the famous Roman general, statesman, and dictator who lived from 100-44 BCE.

Caesar's military victories and political influence made his name synonymous with power and leadership in the Roman Empire. As a result, the name Cesar gained widespread popularity and was adopted by various cultures and languages throughout Europe and beyond.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Cesar can be found in the New Testament of the Bible. In the Book of Philippians, the apostle Paul mentions a member of Caesar's household who had converted to Christianity. This reference suggests that the name was in use among the Roman upper class during the 1st century CE.

Throughout history, several notable figures bore the name Cesar. One of the most renowned was Cesar Borgia (1475-1507), an Italian Renaissance prince and son of Pope Alexander VI. He was a skilled military leader and a powerful political figure in Italy during the late 15th and early 16th centuries.

Another famous Cesar was Cesar Chavez (1927-1993), an American labor leader and civil rights activist who co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (later renamed the United Farm Workers union). He was a prominent figure in the fight for better working conditions and rights for farm workers in the United States.

In the realm of literature, Cesar Vallejo (1892-1938) was a Peruvian poet and writer considered one of the most influential literary figures of the 20th century in the Spanish language. His works, such as "Los heraldos negros" and "Trilce," explored themes of existentialism, social injustice, and the human condition.

The name Cesar also gained historical significance in the Caribbean and Latin America. Cesar Augusto Sandino (1895-1934) was a Nicaraguan revolutionary and leader of a rebellion against the United States' occupation of Nicaragua in the late 1920s and early 1930s. He became a symbol of resistance and national sovereignty in Nicaragua and throughout Latin America.

Another notable figure with this name was Cesar Milstein (1927-2002), an Argentine biochemist and molecular biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 for his pioneering work in developing monoclonal antibody technology, which revolutionized the field of immunology.