The name Cristina has its roots in ancient Greek, derived from the name Christos, meaning "anointed one". It later spread to ancient Rome, where it became associated with early Christianity. The earliest recorded use of the name Cristina can be traced back to the 4th century AD, when it was given to a Christian saint and martyr.

In the Middle Ages, the name Cristina gained popularity across Europe as a variation of the name Christina. One of the earliest known bearers of the name was Cristina of Markyate, an English nun and anchoress who lived in the 12th century. During the Renaissance period, the name became more widespread, particularly in Italy and Spain.

One of the most notable historical figures with the name Cristina was Queen Christina of Sweden, who reigned from 1632 to 1654. Known for her intelligence and unconventional lifestyle, she abdicated her throne to convert to Catholicism and pursue her interests in the arts and sciences.

In the 17th century, Cristina Trivulzio Belgiojoso was an Italian noblewoman and patriot who played a significant role in the Italian unification movement. She fought alongside Giuseppe Garibaldi and worked to unite the Italian states under a single flag.

In the realm of literature, Cristina Rossetti, an English poet and writer, is celebrated for her remarkable contributions to Victorian-era poetry. Born in 1830, her works often explored themes of religion, nature, and love, earning her a place among the most influential poets of her time.

Another notable figure was Cristina Ayala, a Paraguayan writer and feminist activist who lived from 1888 to 1936. She advocated for women's rights and education, and her literary works shed light on the struggles and experiences of women in her country.

In more recent history, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, the former President of Argentina, held office from 2007 to 2015. She was the first woman elected as president of her country and played a significant role in shaping Argentina's economic and social policies during her tenure.