The name Eliza has its origins in the Hebrew language, deriving from the name Elisheva, which means "God is my oath" or "God is abundance." The name's roots can be traced back to the Old Testament, where it was borne by the wife of Aaron, the brother of Moses.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Eliza can be found in the New Testament, where it appears as the Greek form of the Hebrew name Elisheva. In the Gospel of Luke, Eliza is mentioned as the wife of the priest Zacharias and the mother of John the Baptist.

During the Middle Ages, the name Eliza gained popularity across Europe, particularly in England, where it was often spelled as "Elizabeth." One notable bearer of the name was Queen Elizabeth I of England, who reigned from 1558 to 1603 and is known for her influential role in the English Renaissance.

In the literary world, the name Eliza is associated with several notable figures. One of the most famous is Eliza Doolittle, the central character in George Bernard Shaw's play "Pygmalion" and the subsequent musical adaptation "My Fair Lady." This fictional character, a poor Cockney flower girl, was transformed into a refined lady by the phonetics professor Henry Higgins.

Another notable Eliza was Eliza Haywood, an English writer and actress who lived from 1693 to 1756. She was one of the most prominent and prolific writers of her time, known for her novels and plays that explored themes of love, desire, and female agency.

In the realm of science, Eliza Meteyard, an English writer and botanist who lived from 1816 to 1879, made significant contributions to the study of plants and their uses. She published several books on the subject and was a member of the Royal Botanic Society.

Eliza Harris was an American abolitionist and women's rights advocate who lived from 1805 to 1876. She was actively involved in the Underground Railroad, helping enslaved individuals escape to freedom, and was a prominent figure in the anti-slavery and women's suffrage movements.

These are just a few examples of the rich history and diversity of individuals who have borne the name Eliza throughout the centuries, each leaving their mark on various fields and contributing to the cultural and historical significance of this name.