The name Emilia has its roots in the Latin language and culture. It is derived from the Roman family name Aemilius, which is believed to have originated from the Latin word "aemulus," meaning "rival" or "striving." This connection suggests that the name may have been associated with ambition, competition, or striving for excellence.

Emilia was a relatively common name among ancient Romans, particularly within the Aemilian family, one of the most illustrious patrician clans in ancient Rome. Notable historical figures with this name include Emilia Lepida, the wife of the Roman general and statesman Scipio Africanus, and Emilia Tertia, the wife of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius.

The name gained popularity during the Renaissance period, particularly in Italy, where it was often associated with culture, arts, and intellectual pursuits. One of the earliest recorded examples of the name Emilia can be found in Dante Alighieri's famous literary work, the Divine Comedy, where he mentions an Emilia as one of the virtuous pagan souls in Limbo.

Throughout history, several notable individuals have borne the name Emilia. One of the most prominent is Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851-1921), a Spanish novelist, journalist, and feminist who played a significant role in introducing naturalism to Spanish literature. Another notable figure is Emilia Plater (1806-1831), a Polish revolutionary and leading figure in the November Uprising against the Russian Empire.

Emilia Galotti (1722-1770) was a German writer and playwright known for her tragedy of the same name, which explored themes of virtue, honor, and social inequality. Emilia Bassano Lanier (1569-1645) was an English writer and poet, often considered as the first professional woman writer in England.

Emilia Pardo Bazán, Emilia Plater, Emilia Galotti, and Emilia Bassano Lanier are just a few examples of the many notable individuals throughout history who have borne the name Emilia, a name that has been associated with ambition, intellectual pursuits, and cultural significance.