The name Fatoumata is of West African origin, specifically from the Bambara language spoken in Mali. It is derived from the Arabic word "Fatima," which means "to abstain" or "to wean." The name is a feminine form of the Arabic name Fatah, and its meaning is associated with virtues such as chastity and purity.

In the 13th century, the name Fatoumata appeared in historical records of the Mali Empire, a powerful West African kingdom that flourished from the 13th to the 17th century. During this time, the name was commonly given to girls born into the ruling classes and noble families of the empire.

One of the earliest recorded individuals with the name Fatoumata was Fatoumata Binta Nfaye, a 16th-century Senegambian princess and noblewoman. She was a prominent figure in the Jolof Empire, which was a powerful West African state located in present-day Senegal and Gambia.

Another notable figure bearing the name Fatoumata was Fatoumata Diallo, a 19th-century West African warrior and military leader from Guinea. She was a prominent figure in the Wassoulou Empire and played a significant role in defending her people against French colonial forces during the late 19th century.

In the 20th century, Fatoumata Diawara was a renowned Malian singer and musician who helped popularize traditional Wassoulou music on the international stage. Born in 1953, she was widely regarded as one of the most influential and iconic figures in Malian music.

Fatoumata Keita, born in 1959, is a contemporary Malian singer and songwriter known for her fusion of traditional Malian music with elements of rock and blues. Her music often addresses social and political issues, and she has gained international recognition for her powerful vocals and thought-provoking lyrics.

Fatoumata Nafo-Traoré, born in 1964, is a Malian politician and women's rights activist. She has served as the Minister of Promotion of Women, Children, and Family Affairs in Mali and has been actively involved in promoting gender equality and women's empowerment in her country.