The name Faustino has its origins in Late Latin, derived from the ancient Roman name Faustinus, which itself comes from the Latin word "faustus" meaning "fortunate" or "lucky". This name was borne by several early saints and martyrs in the early days of Christianity.

The name first gained popularity in the 4th century AD, when Saint Faustinus of Brescia, an Italian martyr, was venerated for his bravery and steadfastness in the face of persecution. His feast day is celebrated on February 15th in the Roman Catholic Church.

Another notable bearer of the name was Faustinus the Confessor, a 5th-century Spanish monk and abbot who was known for his piety and asceticism. He established several monasteries in Seville and was highly revered for his wisdom and spiritual guidance.

In the 8th century, there was a Pope Faustinus who reigned for a brief period in 687 AD. Although his papacy was short-lived, he is remembered for his efforts in consolidating the Church's authority in the wake of the Byzantine Empire's decline.

During the Middle Ages, the name Faustino was particularly popular in Italy, Spain, and Portugal, where it was often bestowed upon children in honor of the early Christian saints and martyrs.

One notable figure from this period was Faustino Revello, a 13th-century Italian sculptor and architect who was renowned for his work on several churches and cathedrals in northern Italy, including the Cathedral of Modena.

In more recent times, the name Faustino has been borne by several notable individuals, including Faustino Asprilla, a Colombian football player who represented his country in the 1994 and 1998 FIFA World Cups, and Faustino Oramas Osorio, a 20th-century Spanish writer and journalist known for his contributions to the Spanish literary canon.