The name Francesca is derived from the Late Latin name Francisca, which was the feminine form of the masculine name Franciscus. Franciscus was derived from the Germanic name Franci, which referred to the Franks, a Germanic people who played a significant role in the history of Europe.

The name Francisca was first popularized in Italy during the Middle Ages, particularly due to the influence of Saint Francis of Assisi (1181-1226), the founder of the Franciscan Order. Saint Francis's dedication to poverty and humility inspired many followers, and the name became associated with his ideals.

One of the earliest recorded uses of the name Francesca can be found in Dante Alighieri's literary work, the Divine Comedy, written in the early 14th century. In the poem, Dante meets the character of Francesca da Rimini, a noblewoman who was condemned to Hell for her adulterous love affair.

Throughout history, several notable women have borne the name Francesca, including:

1. Francesca Caccini (1587-1640), an Italian composer and singer who was one of the first women to write an opera.
2. Francesca Woodman (1958-1981), an American photographer known for her black and white self-portraits.
3. Francesca da Rimini (c. 1255-1285), the historical figure depicted in Dante's Divine Comedy, who was condemned for her adulterous love affair.
4. Francesca Annis (born 1945), an English actress known for her roles in films like "Dune" and "Husbands and Wives."
5. Francesca Zambeccari (c. 1620-1701), an Italian painter and nun who specialized in still-life paintings.

The name Francesca has maintained its popularity throughout the centuries, particularly in Italy and other parts of Europe, as well as in regions with a strong Catholic or Christian influence due to its association with Saint Francis of Assisi.