The name Jackeline derives from the French feminine form of the masculine name Jacques, which in turn originates from the Late Latin name Jacobus, meaning "supplanter". Jacobus itself stems from the Hebrew name Ya'aqov, borne by the Biblical patriarch Jacob. The name Jackeline first appeared in the Middle Ages, around the 12th century, as a variant spelling of the French Jacqueline.

Jackeline's roots can be traced back to ancient times, as Jacob was one of the most prominent figures in the Old Testament. The name held significance in Jewish and Christian traditions, with Jacob being regarded as the father of the twelve tribes of Israel and an important ancestor of Jesus Christ.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Jackeline can be found in the 13th-century French epic poem "Le Roman de la Rose", where a character named Jackeline is mentioned. In the 15th century, Jackeline of Bavaria (1401-1436), a Duchess of Austria and Duchess of Styria, bore this name.

Throughout history, several notable women have carried the name Jackeline. Jackeline Bracamontes (born 1979) is a Mexican actress and model, known for her roles in telenovelas. Jackeline Byrne (1780-1857) was an Irish writer and philanthropist who published several works on religious and social topics.

Another remarkable figure was Jackeline Briskin (1927-2014), an American labor leader and activist who served as the director of the United Farm Workers of America for several decades. Jackeline Caouette (born 1992) is a Canadian singer and songwriter who gained recognition for her participation in the reality show "La Voix".

Lastly, Jackeline Rentería (born 1985) is a Colombian model and actress, best known for her work in television series and her participation in beauty pageants, where she was crowned Miss Colombia in 2004.