The name Jermain has its roots in the French language and is believed to have originated during the Middle Ages. It is derived from the Old French name "Germain," which itself can be traced back to the Latin name "Germanus," meaning "brother" or "of the same stock."

In its earliest recorded usage, the name Jermain was often associated with members of the clergy or religious orders. One notable historical figure bearing this name was Saint Germain of Auxerre, a fifth-century bishop and missionary who was instrumental in the spread of Christianity throughout Gaul (modern-day France and parts of Western Europe).

As the name gained popularity across Europe, it took on various spellings and regional variations. In England, for instance, the name was sometimes rendered as "Jermyn" or "Jermin." One of the earliest recorded instances of this spelling can be found in the Domesday Book, a comprehensive survey of land ownership in England commissioned by William the Conqueror in 1086.

Throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance periods, the name Jermain was borne by several prominent figures. Jermain Logier was a 13th-century French poet and troubadour who rose to prominence at the court of King Philip Augustus. In the 15th century, Jermain de Brie was a renowned French architect and master mason who played a significant role in the construction of several Gothic cathedrals and churches.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, the name Jermain gained popularity among the aristocracy and upper classes. One notable bearer of the name was Jermain Langhorne (1559-1610), an English politician and member of Parliament during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Another was Jermain Gresham (1637-1700), a wealthy English merchant and financier who founded the Royal Exchange in London.

In the 18th century, Jermain Buckingham (1722-1808) was a prominent British politician and statesman who served as Secretary of State for the Colonies during the American Revolutionary War. Meanwhile, Jermain Woodhouse (1745-1829) was a renowned English architect and surveyor best known for his work on several grand country houses and estates.