The given name Luc has its origins in the Late Latin name Lucas, which is derived from the Greek name Loukas. Loukas itself is a shortened form of the Greek name Loukanos, stemming from the Latin word "lux" meaning "light." The name was borne by the Evangelist St. Luke, the author of the third Gospel and the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament.

In the Middle Ages, the name Luc was widely used across Europe, particularly in France, Italy, and Spain. The French form Luc became popular during the Frankish era, while the Italian form Luca and the Spanish form Lucas were also common variants.

One of the earliest recorded examples of the name Luc can be found in the writings of the 7th-century Benedictine monk, Luc d'Archery, who lived in the Archery Abbey in modern-day France. Another notable bearer of the name was Luc de Beauvais, a 13th-century French chronicler and historian.

In the Renaissance period, several prominent figures bore the name Luc, including the Italian painter Luca Signorelli (c. 1445-1523) and the Dutch philosopher and humanist Luc Beeckman (1579-1667).

The 17th century saw the birth of the French mathematician and philosopher Luc de Clapiers, Marquis de Vauvenargues (1715-1747), whose works influenced the Enlightenment thinkers. Another notable figure from this era was the Dutch painter Luc Douw (1616-1686), known for his exquisite still-life paintings.

In the 19th century, the Belgian painter Luc Lafnet (1810-1884) gained recognition for his landscapes and genre scenes, while the French composer Luc Olivier Merson (1846-1920) made significant contributions to the world of music.

As the centuries progressed, the name Luc continued to be used across various cultures and languages, with notable bearers such as the French philosopher Luc Ferry (born 1951) and the Belgian filmmaker Luc Dardenne (born 1954), known for his social realist films.