The name Madelaine is a French variation of the name Madeline, which has its origins in the ancient Germanic languages. It is derived from the root word "mathalwina," meaning "woman from Magdeburg." Magdeburg was a town in what is now Germany, and the name likely referred to a woman who came from or was associated with that area.

Madelaine's roots can be traced back to the 8th century, when it first appeared in written records. It was a popular name among the Frankish nobility during the Carolingian dynasty, which ruled large parts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th centuries.

In the Christian tradition, the name Madelaine is associated with Mary Magdalene, one of the most prominent female disciples of Jesus Christ. This connection may have contributed to the name's popularity among Christians in medieval Europe.

One of the earliest known historical figures with the name Madelaine was Madelaine de Vergiès (c. 1190-1241), a French noblewoman and crusader. She was one of the few women who participated in the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathars in southern France.

In the 16th century, Madelaine de Souvré (1599-1632) was a French courtier and mistress of King Louis XIII. She was known for her beauty and intelligence, and her influence over the King was a source of political intrigue at the French court.

During the Renaissance, the name Madelaine was also associated with the arts. Madelaine Cavalier (c. 1520-1572) was a French poet and member of the famous literary circle known as the Pléiade, which included writers like Pierre de Ronsard and Joachim du Bellay.

In the 19th century, Madelaine Lemaire (1845-1923) was a French novelist and playwright who wrote under the pen name Madeleine Lemarié. Her works explored themes of love, passion, and the role of women in society.

One of the most famous historical figures with the name Madelaine was Madelaine Albright (1937-2022), the first woman to serve as the United States Secretary of State. Born in Czechoslovakia, she was a prominent figure in American politics and diplomacy during the latter half of the 20th century.