The name Margaux has its origins in the medieval French language, derived from the ancient Germanic name Margaritta. It is a variant of the more common name Margaret, which means "pearl" in Greek. Margaux first emerged as a distinct name during the Middle Ages, around the 12th to 13th centuries.

The name Margaux was initially popular among the French nobility and aristocracy, particularly in the region of Bordeaux, France. This area is renowned for its prestigious wine production, and the name Margaux is closely associated with the Margaux appellation, one of the most famous wine regions in the Bordeaux region.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Margaux can be found in the 13th-century romance "Roman de la Rose," written by Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun. In this influential literary work, a character named Margaux is mentioned, suggesting the name's usage during that time period.

Throughout history, several notable figures have borne the name Margaux. One of the most famous was Margaux Hemingway (1954-1996), an American fashion model and actress, and the granddaughter of the renowned writer Ernest Hemingway. Her tragic death at a young age brought attention to the struggles of mental health and addiction.

Another prominent figure was Margaux Martineau (1869-1904), a French anarchist and feminist activist known for her advocacy of women's rights and her involvement in the labor movement. Her writings and speeches played a significant role in shaping the early feminist discourse in France.

In the world of art, Margaux Moineau (1949-2021) was a celebrated French sculptor and painter, renowned for her abstract and surrealist works. Her sculptures and installations were exhibited in numerous galleries and museums across Europe and the United States.

The name Margaux also has literary connections, with Margaux Fragoso (born 1979), an American writer and memoirist known for her controversial book "Tiger, Tiger," which delves into the complexities of childhood sexual abuse and its aftermath.

Lastly, Margaux Arnavielle (born 1989) is a French tennis player who has achieved notable success on the professional circuit, including reaching the third round of the French Open in 2018 and holding a career-high ranking of No. 93 in the world.