The name Martha is derived from the Aramaic word "Marta", which means "the lady" or "the mistress". It is a female given name that has been in use since ancient times.

The earliest recorded use of the name Martha can be traced back to the New Testament of the Bible, where it is mentioned as the name of one of the sisters of Lazarus of Bethany. In the Gospel of John, Martha is described as a hardworking and practical woman who showed great faith in Jesus.

In the early Christian era, the name Martha became popular among the followers of the new religion, particularly in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. As Christianity spread, the name also gained popularity in other parts of Europe and the world.

One of the earliest recorded instances of a woman bearing the name Martha is Saint Martha of Bethany, who is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church. She is traditionally depicted as the sister of Mary and Lazarus and is regarded as a symbol of hospitality and service.

Another notable figure in history named Martha was Martha Washington, the wife of George Washington, the first President of the United States. She was born in 1731 and played a significant role in the American Revolutionary War, serving as a hostess and confidante to her husband.

In literature, one of the most famous characters named Martha is Martha Raddatz from the novel "The Homecoming" by Thomas Wolfe. The character is a strong-willed and independent woman who defies societal norms and expectations.

Other notable individuals named Martha include Martha Graham (1894-1991), an American modern dance pioneer, Martha Argerich (born 1941), an Argentine classical concert pianist, and Martha Stewart (born 1941), an American businesswoman, writer, and television personality.

The name Martha has remained popular throughout history and continues to be used in various cultures and regions around the world, carrying with it a sense of strength, resilience, and practicality.