The name Martin is derived from the ancient Roman name Martinus, which is a derivative of the name of the Roman god Mars, who was the god of war. The name first arose in the 1st century AD and was initially only used by Romans. Over time, it spread to other parts of Europe as the Roman Empire expanded.

Martin is a Christian name that gained popularity in Europe during the Middle Ages due to the veneration of Saint Martin of Tours, a 4th-century bishop who was known for his charity and kindness. The legend of Saint Martin cutting his cloak in half to share with a beggar contributed to the widespread use of the name.

One of the earliest recorded uses of the name Martin can be found in the 6th-century work "Historia Francorum" by Gregory of Tours, which mentions several individuals named Martin. Another early example is Martin of Braga, a 6th-century archbishop and scholar from what is now Portugal.

Throughout history, several notable figures have borne the name Martin. These include Martin Luther (1483-1546), the German monk who initiated the Protestant Reformation; Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968), the iconic American civil rights leader; Martin Van Buren (1782-1862), the 8th President of the United States; Martin Buber (1878-1965), the Austrian-born Israeli philosopher; and Martin Scorsese (born 1942), the acclaimed American film director.

The name Martin has been popular across various cultures and regions, including Germany, France, Spain, Italy, and England. It has also been widely used in the Christian tradition, with numerous saints and religious figures bearing the name.