The name Mollie is a feminine given name of English origin, derived from the medieval name Mol or Molle, which was a pet form of the name Mary. The name Mary itself has Hebrew roots, tracing back to the biblical name Miriam.

In the Middle Ages, diminutive forms of Mary such as Mal, Moll, and Mollie became popular as independent names among English speakers. The spelling "Mollie" with the additional "ie" ending emerged in the 16th century and remained a common variant throughout the English-speaking world.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Mollie appears in the 1598 parish records of St. Dunstan's in Canterbury, England, where a Mollie Browne was christened. In literature, the name Mollie is featured in works such as Robert Louis Stevenson's novel "Kidnapped" (1886), where a character named Mollie Arbuthnot appears.

Notable individuals named Mollie throughout history include Mollie Steimer (1897-1980), a Russian-American anarchist and labor activist; Mollie Hunter (1888-1971), a Canadian politician and the first woman elected to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta; Mollie Panter-Downes (1906-1997), an English novelist and short story writer; Mollie Sugden (1922-2009), an English actress best known for her role in the TV series "Are You Being Served?"; and Mollie Bailey (1923-2022), an American aviator and one of the first female African American officers in the United States Air Force.

While the name Mollie experienced peaks in popularity during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it has remained a consistently used name throughout the English-speaking world, often chosen for its connection to the classic name Mary while retaining a distinct and charming quality.