Rosalia is a feminine given name that has its origins in the Latin language. It is derived from the Latin word "rosa," meaning rose, and the suffix "-lia," which is a diminutive form indicating smallness or endearment. The name literally translates to "little rose."

The name's popularity can be traced back to the early Christian era, when it was given to young girls as a symbol of purity, beauty, and devotion. It was particularly popular in regions with strong Christian traditions, such as Italy, Spain, and parts of Latin America.

One of the earliest documented uses of the name Rosalia dates back to the 12th century. Saint Rosalia, a Sicilian hermitess born in 1130, is credited with helping to end a plague that devastated Palermo in 1624. Her feast day is celebrated on September 4th, and she is revered as the patron saint of Palermo and protector against plagues and pestilence.

Throughout history, several notable figures have borne the name Rosalia. One of the earliest was Rosalia of Aragon (1262-1285), a princess of the Crown of Aragon and the wife of Philip III of France. Another famous Rosalia was Rosalia Lombardo (1918-1920), a Sicilian child whose remarkably well-preserved body became an attraction at the Capuchin Catacombs in Palermo.

In the realm of literature, Rosalia de Castro (1837-1885) was a prominent Galician poet and novelist, known for her works that explored the themes of nature, love, and the struggles of the Galician people. In the field of music, Rosalia Chladek (1905-1995) was an Austrian operatic soprano who performed leading roles in operas by composers such as Beethoven, Mozart, and Wagner.

Another notable figure with the name Rosalia was Rosalia Mera (1944-2013), the co-founder and former president of the Spanish fashion retailer Zara. She played a pivotal role in the success and growth of the Inditex Group, making it one of the world's largest fashion retailers.

While the name Rosalia has maintained its popularity in various parts of the world, particularly in Latin America and Europe, it has also been subject to variations and adaptations over time, reflecting cultural and linguistic influences.