The name Xavian is of Latin origin, stemming from the ancient Roman name Xavius or Xaverius. It is believed to have derived from the Latin word "xaverius," meaning "bright" or "shining." This name was particularly popular during the Roman Empire, with its roots tracing back to the 1st century AD.

One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Xavian can be found in the writings of the Roman historian Tacitus, who mentioned a prominent figure named Xavius Maximus in his Annals. This suggests that the name was in use among the upper echelons of Roman society during the 1st and 2nd centuries AD.

Throughout the Middle Ages, the name Xavian experienced a resurgence in popularity, particularly in regions with strong Catholic influences. This was likely due to the veneration of St. Francis Xavier, a 16th-century Jesuit missionary who played a significant role in spreading Christianity throughout Asia. His name, Francisco Xavier, shares a similar root to Xavian.

One of the earliest prominent figures to bear the name Xavian was Xavian of Lerins (c. 400-475 AD), a renowned monk and theologian who founded the Abbey of Lérins on an island off the coast of Southern France. His writings and teachings had a profound impact on the development of Christian theology during the early medieval period.

In the 9th century, Xavian the Wise (c. 810-880 AD) was a renowned scholar and abbot of the Benedictine monastery of St. Gall in modern-day Switzerland. He was highly regarded for his vast knowledge and contributions to the preservation and dissemination of classical literature and learning.

During the Renaissance, Xavian Montaldi (1490-1557) was an Italian painter and architect from Modena. He was known for his frescoes in various churches and palaces throughout Northern Italy, and his architectural works influenced the development of the Renaissance style in the region.

In the 18th century, Xavian de Maistre (1763-1852) was a Savoyard philosopher, writer, and diplomat who served as the Sardinian ambassador to Russia. He was a prominent figure in the counter-revolutionary movement and is known for his works on political philosophy and religious apologetics.

Another notable figure with the name Xavian was Xavian Mertz (1839-1917), a German-American prelate who served as the first Bishop of the Diocese of Colorado Springs. He played a crucial role in the establishment and growth of the Catholic Church in the American West during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.