2000
#48,021
National surname rank
Recorded bearers 414
First available Census row
Per 100,000 0.15
Very Rare Last name
Gabrielle
A French surname derived from the Hebrew name Gabriel, meaning "God is my strength".
According to the 2020 US Census Bureau surname tables, roughly 516 Americans carry the last name Gabrielle. That puts it at #50,251 in the national surname ranking, appearing at a frequency of 0.15 per 100,000 people (about 1 in 664,253 residents).
This page is the full Name Census profile for the Gabrielle surname. You will find the Census Bureau frequency data, a multi-census history view, an ancestry and ethnicity breakdown based on self-reported demographics, the name's meaning and origin where available, and answers to the most common questions people ask about this surname.
Bearers in the US
516
1 in 664,253
Census rank
#50,251
2020 decennial data
Per 100,000
0.2
Frequency rate
Recorded bearers
450
very rare in the US
Popularity narrative
The Census Bureau recorded 450 bearers of the surname Gabrielle in its 2020 decennial surname file. At a rate of 0.15 per 100,000 residents, it holds the 50251st position in the national surname ranking.
Among Census respondents with the surname Gabrielle, the largest self-reported group is White at 73.6%. The next largest groups are Black (13.3%) and Hispanic (7.3%).
Origin
Meaning and origin of Gabrielle
The surname Gabrielle is derived from the Hebrew personal name Gabriel, meaning "God is my strength." It originated as a surname in France during the Middle Ages.
The earliest known record of the name Gabrielle as a surname dates back to the 12th century in the French region of Normandy. It is believed to have been adopted as a surname by families living near churches or monasteries dedicated to the Archangel Gabriel.
In the 13th century, the name appeared in various medieval records and manuscripts, including the Cartulaire de l'Abbaye de Saint-Père de Chartres, which mentions a "Robertus Gabrielle" in 1214.
During the 14th century, the surname Gabrielle gained prominence in the region of Burgundy, where it was associated with several noble families. One notable bearer was Jacques Gabrielle, a knight who fought alongside Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years' War in the early 15th century.
In the 16th century, the surname Gabrielle became closely linked with the French royal court. Gabrielle d'Estrées (1573-1599) was a famous mistress of King Henry IV of France and gave birth to several of his illegitimate children.
Another notable figure was René Gabrielle (1586-1639), a French Jesuit missionary and explorer who traveled to Canada and established missions among the Huron people.
In the 17th century, the name Gabrielle appeared in various records across Europe, including the Netherlands, where a "Pieter Gabrielle" was listed in the municipal archives of Amsterdam in 1627.
In the 18th century, the Gabrielle surname was found among French settlers in the Caribbean islands, such as Marie-Gabrielle Couvilliers (1708-1788), a plantation owner in Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti).
During the 19th century, the surname Gabrielle spread to other parts of the world through French emigration. For example, Louis Gabrielle (1815-1892) was a French settler in Louisiana who became a prominent sugar planter.
Demographics
Ancestry and ethnicity for Gabrielle
Among Census respondents with the surname Gabrielle, the largest self-reported group is White at 73.6%. The next largest groups are Black (13.3%) and Hispanic (7.3%).
The bar chart below shows how Gabrielle bearers described their own race and ethnicity on the 2020 Census form. The Census Bureau groups responses into six broad categories: White, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Asian and Pacific Islander, American Indian and Alaska Native, and Two or More Races. When a category has too few respondents for a given surname, the Bureau suppresses the figure to protect individual privacy, which is why some names show fewer than six slices.
Percentages are shown for every Census year so the breakdown stays comparable over time. When the source file also includes raw headcounts, Name Census shows those alongside the percentages in the legend.
Keep in mind that these are self-reported numbers. A person's surname does not determine their race or ethnicity, and the distribution you see here reflects the specific population who happened to carry the Gabrielle surname at the time of the 2020 Census, not any inherent property of the name itself.
- White73.6% · 331
- Black or African American13.3% · 60
- Hispanic or Latino7.3% · 33
- Two or more races3.8% · 17
- Asian and Pacific Islander1.8% · 8
- American Indian and Alaska Native0.2% · 1
Timeline
Historical Census data for Gabrielle
Gabrielle appears in 3 published Census surname files: 2000, 2010, 2020. The cards below show how the name's rank and bearer count changed across each release.
2010
#44,356
National surname rank
Recorded bearers 485
+71 bearers (+17.1%)
Per 100,000 0.16
Rank movement Up 3,665 places
2020
#50,251
National surname rank
Recorded bearers 450
-35 bearers (-7.2%)
Per 100,000 0.15
Rank movement Down 5,895 places
| Year | Rank | Count | Per 100K | Count change | Rank change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | #48,021 | 414 | 0.15 | First available Census row | First available Census row |
| 2010 | #44,356 | 485 | 0.16 | +71 bearers (+17.1%) | Up 3,665 places |
| 2020 | #50,251 | 450 | 0.15 | -35 bearers (-7.2%) | Down 5,895 places |
For 2020, the Census Bureau published race and Hispanic-origin columns as counts rather than percentages. Name Census converts those counts back into shares so the ancestry section stays comparable with the older surname files.
Year on year
2010 vs 2020 Census
How has the Gabrielle surname changed between Census years? The chart shows bearer count side by side, and the table compares rank, count, and frequency.
Census year comparison
20102020
| Metric | 2010 | 2020 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | #44,356 | #50,251 | -13.3% |
| Count | 485 | 450 | -7.2% |
| Per 100K | 0.16 | 0.15 | -5.9% |
Between the 2010 and 2020 Census, the number of Gabrielle bearers went from 485 to 450 (-7.2% change). The surname moved down 5,895 positions in the national ranking, going from #44,356 to #50,251.
Notable bearers
Famous people with the surname Gabrielle
FAQ
Gabrielle surname: questions and answers
How many people in the U.S. have the surname Gabrielle?
Name Census estimates that about 516 living Americans carry the surname Gabrielle. Using the current population baseline, that works out to roughly 1 in 664,253 residents.
How common is Gabrielle?
Gabrielle ranks #50,251 in the 2020 Census surname tables and is classified on this site as "Very Rare." The Census recorded the name at a frequency of 0.15 per 100,000 residents, which is about 0 people out of every 100,000.
How many people with this surname were counted in the Census?
The raw 2020 Census file counted 450 people with the surname Gabrielle. That is different from the site's living-bearer estimate (516), which projects the surname's present-day count by applying the Census frequency rate to the current U.S. population.
What does 0.15 per 100,000 actually mean?
It is the Census Bureau's normalized frequency measure. A rate of 0.15 per 100,000 means that if you picked a random group of 100,000 U.S. residents, you would expect about 0 of them to have the surname Gabrielle.
Has Gabrielle become more or less common over time?
Between 2010 and 2020, the surname Gabrielle went from 485 recorded bearers to 450. That is a decrease of 35 (-7.2%). In the national ranking it fell from #44,356 to #50,251.
What does the Census say about the background of Gabrielle?
Among Census respondents with the surname Gabrielle, the largest self-reported group is White at 73.6%. The next largest groups are Black (13.3%) and Hispanic (7.3%). These figures come from the 2020 Census Bureau surname tables, based on how respondents described their own race and ethnicity.
Which group reports this surname most often?
White is the largest self-reported group for the surname Gabrielle in the 2020 Census, accounting for 73.6% (331 people in the source table).
What is the full ancestry breakdown?
Gabrielle appears across multiple self-reported groups in the Census data. The largest shares in the 2020 file are White (73.6%), Black (13.3%), Hispanic (7.3%). For 2020, the source file also published raw headcounts for each group, which is why this page can show both percentages and counts in the ancestry section.
Is this page using the latest Census data?
Yes. This page is using the latest surname file currently loaded on Name Census, which is 2020. The historical section above also keeps any older Census surname entries we have for Gabrielle (2000, 2010, 2020).
Does the Census include every surname?
No. The Census Bureau only publishes surnames that appeared at least 100 times in a given decennial Census. That means very rare surnames are excluded entirely, and a surname can appear in one Census release but disappear from a later one if it falls below the reporting threshold.
Why don't the ancestry percentages always add up to exactly 100%?
There are two main reasons: rounding and suppression. The Census Bureau rounds published values, and it may suppress very small cells to protect privacy. For 2020, the Bureau also published raw group counts rather than direct percentages, so Name Census converts those counts back into shares for comparability across census years.
What does Gabrielle mean?
A French surname derived from the Hebrew name Gabriel, meaning "God is my strength". The fuller origin note on this page goes into more detail.
Where does the surname data come from?
All surname statistics on Name Census are drawn from the US Census Bureau's decennial surname frequency tables. These files list every surname that appeared 100 or more times in the 2020 Census, along with a count, a per-100,000 rate, and a self-reported demographic breakdown. You can read the full explanation on our methodology page.
How does Name Census estimate living bearers?
For surnames, Name Census does not age cohorts the way it does for first names. Instead, it takes the Census Bureau's published frequency for Gabrielle (0.15 per 100,000) and applies that rate to the current U.S. resident population to estimate how many living Americans have the surname today.
How common is the surname Gabrielle?
If you just want to know how many Americans have the surname Gabrielle, HowManyOfMe.org gives you the headline number in one glance.