2000
#14,877
National surname rank
Recorded bearers 1,825
First available Census row
Per 100,000 0.68
Rare Last name
Jarquin
A Spanish toponymic surname indicating a person from the town of Jarque in Aragon or Zaragoza, Spain.
According to the 2020 US Census Bureau surname tables, roughly 3,911 Americans carry the last name Jarquin. That puts it at #9,185 in the national surname ranking, appearing at a frequency of 1.14 per 100,000 people (about 1 in 87,639 residents).
This page is the full Name Census profile for the Jarquin surname. You will find the Census Bureau frequency data, a multi-census history view, an ancestry and ethnicity breakdown based on self-reported demographics, the name's meaning and origin where available, and answers to the most common questions people ask about this surname.
Bearers in the US
3.9K
1 in 87,639
Census rank
#9,185
2020 decennial data
Per 100,000
1.1
Frequency rate
Recorded bearers
3.4K
rare in the US
Popularity narrative
The Census Bureau recorded 3,411 bearers of the surname Jarquin in its 2020 decennial surname file. At a rate of 1.14 per 100,000 residents, it holds the 9185th position in the national surname ranking.
Among Census respondents with the surname Jarquin, the largest self-reported group is Hispanic at 94.8%. The next largest groups are White (4.0%) and Black (0.7%).
Origin
Meaning and origin of Jarquin
The surname Jarquin has its origins in Spain and dates back to the medieval period. It is believed to have derived from the Spanish word "jara," which means "rockrose" or "cistus," a type of flowering shrub native to the Mediterranean region. The name likely originated from a place name or a topographic feature associated with these plants.
One of the earliest recorded instances of the name Jarquin can be found in the Libro de la Montería, a 14th-century hunting treatise commissioned by King Alfonso XI of Castile. This text mentions a location called "Jarquin," which may have been the source of the surname.
In the 15th century, the name appeared in the archives of Seville, Spain, where a certain Alonso Jarquin was mentioned as a landowner and prominent citizen of the city. This suggests that the Jarquin family had already established itself as an influential lineage by that time.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Jarquin name was associated with several notable individuals. One such figure was Pedro Jarquin, a Spanish explorer who accompanied Hernán Cortés on his expedition to conquer Mexico in the early 1500s. Another was Juan Jarquin, a renowned poet and humanist scholar who lived in Italy during the Renaissance period (1480-1539).
In the 18th century, the Jarquin name gained prominence in the Americas, particularly in Mexico and Central America, where many Spanish settlers had established themselves during the colonial era. One notable individual from this period was Miguel Jarquin (1735-1809), a Mexican military officer and landowner who played a significant role in the defense of New Spain against foreign invaders.
Another important figure was José María Jarquin (1780-1845), a Nicaraguan politician and writer who served as the first President of the Federal Republic of Central America from 1824 to 1829. He was a prominent advocate for Central American unity and independence from Spanish rule.
As the Jarquin surname spread across different regions, variations in spelling and pronunciation emerged, such as Jarquín, Jarquina, and Jarquino, among others. Despite these variations, the name has maintained its connection to its Spanish roots and the historical significance it has carried throughout the centuries.
Demographics
Ancestry and ethnicity for Jarquin
Among Census respondents with the surname Jarquin, the largest self-reported group is Hispanic at 94.8%. The next largest groups are White (4.0%) and Black (0.7%).
The bar chart below shows how Jarquin bearers described their own race and ethnicity on the 2020 Census form. The Census Bureau groups responses into six broad categories: White, Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Asian and Pacific Islander, American Indian and Alaska Native, and Two or More Races. When a category has too few respondents for a given surname, the Bureau suppresses the figure to protect individual privacy, which is why some names show fewer than six slices.
Percentages are shown for every Census year so the breakdown stays comparable over time. When the source file also includes raw headcounts, Name Census shows those alongside the percentages in the legend.
Keep in mind that these are self-reported numbers. A person's surname does not determine their race or ethnicity, and the distribution you see here reflects the specific population who happened to carry the Jarquin surname at the time of the 2020 Census, not any inherent property of the name itself.
- Hispanic or Latino94.8% · 3,232
- White4.0% · 137
- Black or African American0.7% · 23
- Asian and Pacific Islander0.3% · 9
- Two or more races0.2% · 7
- American Indian and Alaska Native0.1% · 3
Timeline
Historical Census data for Jarquin
Jarquin appears in 3 published Census surname files: 2000, 2010, 2020. The cards below show how the name's rank and bearer count changed across each release.
2010
#10,290
National surname rank
Recorded bearers 3,132
+1,307 bearers (+71.6%)
Per 100,000 1.06
Rank movement Up 4,587 places
2020
#9,185
National surname rank
Recorded bearers 3,411
+279 bearers (+8.9%)
Per 100,000 1.14
Rank movement Up 1,105 places
| Year | Rank | Count | Per 100K | Count change | Rank change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | #14,877 | 1,825 | 0.68 | First available Census row | First available Census row |
| 2010 | #10,290 | 3,132 | 1.06 | +1,307 bearers (+71.6%) | Up 4,587 places |
| 2020 | #9,185 | 3,411 | 1.14 | +279 bearers (+8.9%) | Up 1,105 places |
For 2020, the Census Bureau published race and Hispanic-origin columns as counts rather than percentages. Name Census converts those counts back into shares so the ancestry section stays comparable with the older surname files.
Year on year
2010 vs 2020 Census
How has the Jarquin surname changed between Census years? The chart shows bearer count side by side, and the table compares rank, count, and frequency.
Census year comparison
20102020
| Metric | 2010 | 2020 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | #10,290 | #9,185 | 10.7% |
| Count | 3,132 | 3,411 | 8.9% |
| Per 100K | 1.06 | 1.14 | 7.7% |
Between the 2010 and 2020 Census, the number of Jarquin bearers went from 3,132 to 3,411 (+8.9% change). The surname moved up 1,105 positions in the national ranking, going from #10,290 to #9,185.
FAQ
Jarquin surname: questions and answers
How many people in the U.S. have the surname Jarquin?
Name Census estimates that about 3,911 living Americans carry the surname Jarquin. Using the current population baseline, that works out to roughly 1 in 87,639 residents.
How common is Jarquin?
Jarquin ranks #9,185 in the 2020 Census surname tables and is classified on this site as "Rare." The Census recorded the name at a frequency of 1.14 per 100,000 residents, which is about 1 people out of every 100,000.
How many people with this surname were counted in the Census?
The raw 2020 Census file counted 3,411 people with the surname Jarquin. That is different from the site's living-bearer estimate (3,911), which projects the surname's present-day count by applying the Census frequency rate to the current U.S. population.
What does 1.14 per 100,000 actually mean?
It is the Census Bureau's normalized frequency measure. A rate of 1.14 per 100,000 means that if you picked a random group of 100,000 U.S. residents, you would expect about 1 of them to have the surname Jarquin.
Has Jarquin become more or less common over time?
Between 2010 and 2020, the surname Jarquin went from 3,132 recorded bearers to 3,411. That is an increase of 279 (+8.9%). In the national ranking it rose from #10,290 to #9,185.
What does the Census say about the background of Jarquin?
Among Census respondents with the surname Jarquin, the largest self-reported group is Hispanic at 94.8%. The next largest groups are White (4.0%) and Black (0.7%). These figures come from the 2020 Census Bureau surname tables, based on how respondents described their own race and ethnicity.
Which group reports this surname most often?
Hispanic is the largest self-reported group for the surname Jarquin in the 2020 Census, accounting for 94.8% (3,232 people in the source table).
What is the full ancestry breakdown?
Jarquin appears across multiple self-reported groups in the Census data. The largest shares in the 2020 file are Hispanic (94.8%), White (4.0%), Black (0.7%). For 2020, the source file also published raw headcounts for each group, which is why this page can show both percentages and counts in the ancestry section.
Is this page using the latest Census data?
Yes. This page is using the latest surname file currently loaded on Name Census, which is 2020. The historical section above also keeps any older Census surname entries we have for Jarquin (2000, 2010, 2020).
Does the Census include every surname?
No. The Census Bureau only publishes surnames that appeared at least 100 times in a given decennial Census. That means very rare surnames are excluded entirely, and a surname can appear in one Census release but disappear from a later one if it falls below the reporting threshold.
Why don't the ancestry percentages always add up to exactly 100%?
There are two main reasons: rounding and suppression. The Census Bureau rounds published values, and it may suppress very small cells to protect privacy. For 2020, the Bureau also published raw group counts rather than direct percentages, so Name Census converts those counts back into shares for comparability across census years.
What does Jarquin mean?
A Spanish toponymic surname indicating a person from the town of Jarque in Aragon or Zaragoza, Spain. The fuller origin note on this page goes into more detail.
Where does the surname data come from?
All surname statistics on Name Census are drawn from the US Census Bureau's decennial surname frequency tables. These files list every surname that appeared 100 or more times in the 2020 Census, along with a count, a per-100,000 rate, and a self-reported demographic breakdown. You can read the full explanation on our methodology page.
How does Name Census estimate living bearers?
For surnames, Name Census does not age cohorts the way it does for first names. Instead, it takes the Census Bureau's published frequency for Jarquin (1.14 per 100,000) and applies that rate to the current U.S. resident population to estimate how many living Americans have the surname today.
How many people share the surname Jarquin?
HowManyOfMe.org, our sister site, answers that with the living-bearer count in one glance.