The surname Scandurra is of Italian origin and is predominantly found in the region of Sicily. The name is believed to have been first recorded in the medieval period, likely around the 12th or 13th century. The surname is derived from a dialectal variant originating from the Sicilian word "scannatura," which means “cleft” or “gap,” possibly referring to a geographical feature such as a ravine or gorge near the family's place of residence.

The earliest instances of the surname's appearance can be traced back to manuscripts and records in Sicily. One of the notable early references is found in a 14th-century land grant document, where a Giovanni Scandurra is cited as a landowner in the province of Catania. The primary regions associated with the name include the provinces of Catania, Enna, and Syracuse, areas characterized by their volcanic landscapes and rugged terrains, which might have influenced the adoption of the name.

Historians have also identified the name Scandurra in taxation and census records from the 15th and 16th centuries in Sicily. For example, a Pietro Scandurra is documented as a resident taxpayer in the town of Enna in a 1481 census. Similarly, a 16th-century military record mentions a Francesco Scandurra serving in a local Sicilian militia during the period of Spanish rule.

Several individuals bearing the surname Scandurra have made their mark in history. One notable figure is Antonio Scandurra (born 1562 - died 1632), an influential merchant and one of the founders of a trade guild in Catania during the early 17th century. Another significant person is Domenico Scandurra (born 1687 - died 1745), who is remembered in local lore for his role as a benefactor who funded the restoration of a church in the province of Enna.

Fast forward to the 19th century, and we find Giuseppe Scandurra (1818 - 1890), a renowned Sicilian poet and playwright whose works reflected the cultural and socio-political milieu of his time. His compositions often featured the landscapes and dialects of Sicily, contributing to the preservation of regional identity through literature. Another significant personality is Maria Scandurra (1847 - 1912), a dedicated midwife whose practices improved maternal care in rural Sicilian communities significantly.

During the early 20th century, the migration waves led to the spread of the surname beyond Sicily. Enzo Scandurra (born 1931 - died 1997), who migrated to the United States, became a reputable architect known for his innovative designs that blended Italian styles with American modernism.

In conclusion, the surname Scandurra carries with it a rich history rooted in the Sicilian landscape and culture. It has been borne by a number of notable individuals who have left lasting legacies in various fields such as trade, the arts, healthcare, and architecture.