The surname Wimpfheimer traces its origins to Germany, specifically to a region known as Württemberg, during the late Middle Ages. The name is a compound of two elements: "Wimpfen" and "heimer". "Wimpfen" is derived from Bad Wimpfen, a historic town in the Baden-Württemberg region, notable for its medieval architecture and prominence during the 12th and 13th centuries. "Heimer" is a German suffix meaning "inhabitant" or "resident". Thus, Wimpfheimer essentially translates to "one who hails from Wimpfen".

Historical references to the surname Wimpfheimer appear in various records dating back to the 15th century. An early mention can be found in a document within the Württemberg state archives, indicating a Johannes Wimpfheimer, a merchant who was active in local trade around 1473. This indicates that the family may have been involved in commerce or held some socio-economic significance in the community.

The Wimpfheimer surname appeared in ecclesiastical records in the early 16th century. A notable individual, Friedrich Wimpfheimer, was recorded as a participant in the Diet of Worms in 1521. His involvement in this significant event in Holy Roman Empire politics suggests that the Wimpfheimer family may have been influential during this period.

During the 17th century, migration and scattered distribution of the Wimpfheimer surname became evident as family members moved to other regions in Germany and parts of Central Europe. Records from a Lutheran church in Frankfurt mention an Elisabeth Wimpfheimer in 1684, who was known for her contributions to local philanthropic activities.

In the 18th century, Johann Konrad Wimpfheimer, an educator born in 1728, became a prominent figure in the academic world. His works in pedagogy and early childhood education are still remembered in some educational circles. His efforts in promoting literacy and education reflect the intellectual bent of some members of the Wimpfheimer family.

The name eventually spread to North America during the 19th century, with immigrants bearing the surname arriving through Ellis Island. One such individual was Karl Wilhelm Wimpfheimer, who settled in New York in 1867 and established a successful business in textiles. His descendants continued to bear the surname, contributing to its spread and adaptation in a new cultural context.

Throughout its history, the surname Wimpfheimer has maintained an association with intellectual pursuits, commerce, and philanthropy. Although variations and spellings might have emerged over the centuries, its roots in Bad Wimpfen and the Württemberg region remain a key part of its heritage. The Wimpfheimer name stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of these early German inhabitants and their contributions to society over several centuries.